Window frame and sash



3 Sheets-Sheet 1.

D. P. HOPKINS.

- WINDOW FRAME AND SASH. No. 509,377. I Patented Nov. 28, 1893.

2 m e h S m B G h 3 S N .I K P O H R D (No Model.)

WINDO W FRAME AND 'SASH.

Patented Nov. 28,1698.

(No Model.) 3 SheetS -Sh eet 3.

D. P. HOPKINS.

WINDOW FRAME- AND SASH. No. 509,377. Patented Nov. 28, 1893.

wAarnueYon n c UNITED STATES, PATENTOFFICE.

DAVID P. HOPKINS, OF ALLEGHENY, PENNSYLVANIA.

wmoow FRAME AND SASH.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 509,377, dated November28, 1893.

Application filed April 7,1893. Serial No. 469,423. (No model.)

To aZZ whom it may concern:

Be it known that 1, DAVID P. HOPKINS, a

. resident of Allegheny, in the county of Allegheny and State ofPennsylvania, have invented a new and useful Improvement in WindowFrames and Sashes; and I do hereby declare the following to be a full,clear, and exact description thereof.

My invention relates to window frames and sashes, and has specialreference to the particular kind of window frames in which the sash ispivoted so as to rotate inthe frame in orderto open or close the windowas desired. Heretofore in the use of these window frames and sashes, thegreat difficulty was that the sash was generally smaller than the framespace, and had a follower resting loosely on its top which workedthrough the frame and closed the opening between the frame and sashcausing a non weather-tight joint which allowed dust, rain and wind toenter the apartment. Another difficulty was that when the sash wasraised above the sill by means of a raiser or clamp at its bottom, inorder to turn or rotate the same, the operator was required to exercisegreat strength on account of the window and follower being heavy,

these particular devices being generally used.

only on large windows, which were cumbersome and difficult to handle incleaning the outside surface of the glass.

The object of my invention is to overcome these difficulties, and toprovide a window frame and sash, which, when the sash is closed, forms apractically weather-tight joint, excluding all liability of rain, dirtand wind entering the apartment. 7

Another object of my invention is to provide a window frame and sash inwhich the sash is practically the same size as the frame space, andwhich can be turned without having to raise the sash, so that the windowcan be opened when desired and permit the cleaning out of the outsidesurface of the window or the entrance of air into the apartment, asdesired.

To these ends my invention consists, broadly, in a window frame having afollower moving in guides therein, a sash within said frame, said sashbeing of the same size as the frame space and being pivoted at its topto the follower and at its bottom to the frame.

It further consists in a window frame having a sash therein pivoted atits top and bottom, said sash being of the same size as the frame spaceand adapted to be clamped to the sill of the window frame.

It also consists in certain other details of construction andcombination of parts,-all of which will be more fullyhereinafter setforth and claimed.

To enable others skilled in the art to make and use my invention, I willdescribe the same more fully, referring to the accompanying drawings, inwhich Figure l is a side view, partly in section, of a window frame andsash showing my invention applied thereto. Fig. 2 is a like view showingthe sash rotated or turned in the window frame. Fig. 3 is a verticalcentral section through the window frame and sash. Fig. 4 is an enlargedsectional View showing the clamp for engaging with the sill and sash.Figs. 5, 6 and 7 are detail sectional views of the window frame andsash. Fig. 8 is a perspective view of the clamp case. Fig. 9 is aperspective view of the lever for operating the clamp. Figs. l0, 11, 12audl3 are detail perspective views of different parts of the clamp. Fig.14: is a view showing another form of my invention; and Fig. 15 is adetail section on the line 15-15, Fig. l4.

Like letters of reference herein indicate like parts in each of thefigures of the drawings.

My improved window frame and sash are illustrated in theirpreferredformin Fig. 1,the window frame being shown at a, and having thevertical portions a a and the sill a On the left side in front of thewindow is the vertical weather strip a and on the opposite side back ofthe window is another weather strip a. Moving in guides a in the windowframe a is the follower b which rests upon the top 0' of the sash c andacts to close the opening made between the sash c and the window frame.The lower face b of the follower 12 engages with the top 0 of the sash cby means of a rabbet or tongueb' which fits within a seat or groove 0formed in' the sash c and acts to form a tight joint.

The sashc fits neatly within the window frame and is formed of the samesize as the frame space within the window frame a, being pivoted at itstop to the follower b and at its bottom to the sill a in the ma-nnerhereinafter described. Secured to the bottom 6 of the sash c in anysuitable manner is the clamp d, which acts to clamp the sash 0 down ontothe sill er when the window is closed, and to raise the follower b whenthe said clamp d is freed from the sill a so enabling the sash c to beturned. The clamp d is formedof the case (1', which is attached to thebottom 0 of the sash c by the screws (1 and has formed in it the seat offor the reception of the bearing piece 6, this bearing piece e havingthe vertical guide arms e e which move on each side of the guide d inthe seat 61 of the clamp, the guide 01 fitting within an opening 6between the vertical guide arms e e of the bearing piece. Projectingfrom said bearing'piece e is the horizontal portion e which fits withinthe bottom 0 of the sash cand carries the pivot pin c, said pin ef"fitting within the plate fattached to the sill a of the window frame andforming the lower pivot of the swinging sash c. Fitting up against thecase 01 is the revolving plate g, which has on its interior face g thecam or eccentric h, said cam or eccentric h having the stop h whichengages with a lug or pin 2' on the vertical guide arm 6 of the bearingpiece e, and the face of said cam or eccentric h bearing on theprojecting face j on the bearing piece e. In order to operate said clampd, a lever la is provided, which has the journal pin extending outeccentrically from the inner face thereof, and passing through therevolving plate 9 enters an opening is in the case (1 and is journaledand riveted thereto, the said lever 70 being provided with a handle 70for convenience in operating. The journal pin 70 is mountedeccentrically on the lever 70 and has a square portion 10 thereon whichfits Within a square seat 9 in the revolving plate g, and the said leverk is further provided'with a lug Zwhich fits within a seat m in therevolving plate 9 which assists in revolving the plate 9 when the leveris is turned. Extending out from the top of the case 01' of the clamp 01is the guide 01 which has a guideway n therein, through which thelifting bar 0 passes, the said lifting bar 0 being provided with a guide0 on its vertical portion 0 which fits within the guide-way n of theguide n. At the lower end of the vertical portion 0 of the lifting bar 0is a lug 0 which fits and travels within a cam or eccentric seat 10 onthe exterior face 9 of the revolving plate gand operated by the lever iswhich has its journal pins is mounted off the center so as not tointerfere and enable the cam or eccentric seat p to perform its work inengaging with the lug 0 on the lifting bar 0. The lifting bar 0 has thehorizontal portion 0 projecting out therefrom provided with a threadedopening 0 within which the rod g by its threaded end q engages. The rod(1 extends up in front of the sash c and passes through an opening 1 inthe top a of the sash c. On the lower face 6 of the follower b there isprovided the plate .9 which fits within the seat b in the follower b,said plate 8 having the extension 5' formed thereon which extends downinto the enlarged portion 1" of the opening r in the top a of the sash cand forms the upper pivot of the sash. The rod q engages by the threadedupper end g with the threaded slot 3 in the extension 8 of, the plate sand acts to raise the follower b when desired. In the closed position ofthe.

sash c the extension or pivot s of the plate 3 in the follower b restsagainst the head r in the top 0 of the sash.

For the purpose of excluding all liability of wind, rain or dustentering the apartment when the window is closed, there is provided onthe lower face 0 of the sash c a rubber or like flexible strip 25, saidflexible strip 15 entering a seat t in the bottom a of the sash, andextending down a short distance so as to contact with the sill a of thewindow frame, as is fully shown in Fig. 7.

The operation of my improved window frame and sash will now bedescribed. As is shown in Fig. 1, the sash is in its closed position,with its lower face 19 clamped down against the sill a of the windowframe, and the lever is being turned to the right side of the clamp d.To assume this position of the lever 70 allows the turning of therevolving plate g which causes the cam or eccentric h to travel over theprojecting face j on the bearing piece e until the cam or eccentric hreaches the point nearest the center of the journal pin 70, so loweringthe bearing piece 6 and the sash slightly and clamping the sash a downonto the sill a of the window frame a which compresses the flexiblestrip 23 against the sill 0t and forms a weather-tight joint at thebottom of the window. At the same time as the revolving plateg is turnedto the right, the cam or eccentric seat 19 on the revolving plate 9 isturned until the lug 0 on the lifting bar 0 reaches the.point nearestthe center of the journal pin it on the lever is, so lowering saidlifting bar 0 and the rod q allowing the extension s' on the plate 8 toseat itself in the opening 'r and pull the follower 19 down onto the top0 of the sash c, the rabbet b fitting within the groove 0 in the sash cand forming a weather-tight joint at the top of the window. In order tounclamp the sash from the sill a of the window frame a so as to permitthe swinging of the sash c in the frame a, the operator grasps thehandle 7.2 of the lever k and turns it to the left whichcauses theturning of the revolving plate 9, the cam or eccentric h travelingaround on theprojection j of the bearing piece 6 until the cam oreccentric h reaches the point remotest from the center of the journalpin it of the lever 70, so forcing down the bearing piece 6 and raisingthe sash 0 upon its pivot pin 6 in the sill a of the window frame. Atthe same time the revolving plate 9 is turned to the right, the lug 0 onthe lifting bar 0 is travel ing in the cam or eccentric seat and whenthe ISO revolving plate g is turned sufficiently so that the cam oreccentric seat p reaches a point remotest from the journal pin it on thelever 70, thelug will reach its highest point and means of the rod qbeing connected to the extension or pivot .9 attached to the follower bas is fully shown in Fig. 5. After the turning of the lever is to theleft as above described, the sash is ready for swinging or rotating, thesaidsash c turning upon the pivot "pinve of the bearing piece e attachedto the silla of the'window frame, and the follower b being separatedfrom the top 0' of the sash allows the sash c to swing upon theextension or pivot s which is still resting in the opening 7' at the topof the sash, thus enabling the operator to swing or rotate the sash 0upon the pivot pin 6 at the bottom and the I extension or pivot s at thetop of the window frame.

In Fig. 14 I have shown another form of device in which the rod q can bedispensed with, the follower b sliding loosely in guides in the windowframe, and having rollers or wheels u mounted therein which fit withinthe rounded seat to in the sash formed for the rabbet or projection 10in the follower. The sash is pivoted at the top by means of the bolt '12screwing into the sash through an opening 12' in the follower and havinga head 11 to limit the movement of the follower when raised.'

After the clamp 01 has been released by the turning of the lever is tothe left, the sash can be turned upon the pivot pin 6 at the bottom ofthe window frame and the bolt 1; in the follower, the rollers or wheelsto turning in the seat to by friction exerted in opening the sash whichfrees the follower and forces it up and freeing the rabbet or projection21, from engagement with the seat 10 in the sash. After the sash hasbeen swung on its pivots, it can be lockedin any position by turning thelever It back to its closed positionwhich clamps the sash 0 down ontothe window frame.

It will be seen that my improved window frame and sash are easilyoperated and can be clamped down on the window sill tightly, whichmakesa weather-tight joint, all liability of wind, dust or rain enteringthe apartment being overcome. The sash fits neatly within the framespace of the window frame, and the follower fitting in the top of thesash by a tongue and groove joint prevents the entrance of air, wind,rain or dust at that point. The clamp is simple in construction and canbe operated without any great strength, it not requiring the lifting ofthe window sash from a seat in the window sill, which is common to thisclass of windows. It does not mar the appearance of the sash, sill orwindow frame and the parts are all strong and not liable to getoutoforder.

What I claim as my invention, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is

' 1. The combination with a window frame of a follower moving therein,asash within said frame, said sash being pivoted at one end to thefollower,'and at the other end to the frame,'substantially as andfor thepurposes set forth.

2. The combination with a window frame, of a follower moving in guidesin said frame, and a sash Within said frame pivoted at one end thereofto the follower and at the other end thereof to the frame, said followeren gaging with one endofthe sash by a rabbeted joint, substantially asand for the purposes set forth. I x r 3. The combination with awindowframe, of a follower moving in guides therein, a sash within saidframe, said sash being pivoted at one end thereof to the followerv andat the other end thereof to the frame, and a clamp to clamp the sash toone of said ends of the frame, substantially as and for the purposes setforth.

4. The combination with a window frame,

of a sash mounted within said frame, a fol-.

lower moving in guides in said frame, said sash being pivoted at one endthereof to the follower and at the other end thereof to the frame, and,a clamp to clamp the sash to one end of the frame, said clamp formingone of the pivots of the sash and adapted to draw down the follower ontothe sash, substantially as and for the purposes set forth.

5. The combination with a window frame, of a sash mounted within saidframe, a follower moving in guides in said frame, said sash beingpivoted at one end' thereof to the follower and at the other end to theframe, a clamp to clamp the sash to one end of the frame, said clampforming one of the pivots upon which one end of said sash swings, andhaving a rod engaging with said clamp and passing through the oppositeend of said sash and connected to the follower to form the other pivot,substantially as and for the purposes set forth. I

6. The combination with a window frame, of a sash mounted within saidframe, a clamp to clamp the sash to one end of the frame, said clamphaving a box or case, and a bearing piece moving within said box or caseand engaging with the window frame by a pivot thereon, substantially asand for the purposes set forth.

7. The combination with a window frame, of a sash mounted within saidframe, a clamp to clamp the sash to one end of the frame, said clamphaving a box or case, a bearing piece moving within said box or case andengaging with, the window frame by a pivot thereon, and a'revolvingplate on the front of said box or case carrying a cam or'eccentricengaging with the bearing piece to clamp the sash to the'frame,substantially as and for the purposes set forth.

8. The combination with a window frame, of a sash mounted within saidframe,-a box or case, a revolving plate on the front of said IIO groove,a lifting bar engaging with said cam groove, and a rod connected to saidlifting bar and forming the pivot for one end of the sash, substantiallyas and for the purposes set forth.

In testimony whereof I, the said DAVID P. HOPKINS, have hereunto set myhand.

DAVID P. HOPKINS.

sash being pivoted at one end thereof to the follower and at the otherend to the frame, a box or case, a revolving plate on the front of saidbox or case having a cam or eccentric Witnesses:

J. N. CooKE, ROBT. D TOTTEN.

